• White Box Testing
• Black Box Testing
• Gray Box Testing
White Box Testing:
- Also known as glass box, structural, clear box and open box testing.
- A software testing technique whereby explicit knowledge of the internal workings of the item being tested are used to select the test data. Unlike black box testing, white box testing uses specific knowledge of programming code to examine outputs.
- The test is accurate only if the tester knows what the program is supposed to do. He or she can then see if the program diverges from its intended goal.
Black Box Testing:
Also known as functional testing. A software testing technique whereby the internal workings of the item being tested are not known by the tester. For example, in a black box test on software design the tester only knows the inputs and what the expected outcomes should be and not how the program arrives at those outputs. The tester does not ever examine the programming code and does not need any further knowledge of the program other than its specifications.
Black Box Testing Techniques
• Boundary Value Analysis: This is a technique used to minimize the test cases.It checks for the corner cases,One value greater than the maximum and one value less than the minimum.
• Equivalence Partitioning: This is another technique for restricting the test cases. Here test data is divided into valid and invalid classes and both the classes are tested.
• Error Guessing: The use of past experience and an understanding of the weaknesses of human developer
Gray Box Testing :
- Grey box testing is the combination of black box and white box testing. Intention of this testing is to find out defects related to bad design or bad implementation of the system.
- in gray box testing, test engineer is equipped with the knowledge of system and designs test cases or test data based on system knowledge.
