Basic MySQL Commands for Begineers

1. How to login mysql from GNU/Linux shell ???

           $mysql -h username -u root -p

2. How to create a database ???

              mysql> create database [Database_Name];

3. How to list all databases ???

              mysql> show databases;

4. How to list all the tables in a database ???

             mysql> show tables;

5. How to switch to a database ???

            mysql> use [Database_Name];ex[test]

6. How to list database field formats in a table ???

           mysql> describe [Table_Name];ex[dummy]

7. How to delete a database ???

           mysql> drop database [Database_Name];ex[dummy]

8. How to delete a table ???

           mysql> drop table [Table_Name];ex[test]

9. How to list all data in a table ???

          mysql> SELECT * FROM [Table_Name];[test_dummy]

10. How to list certain selected rows with the value “yes”.???

         SELECT * FROM [Table_Name] WHERE [Field_Name] = “yes”;

11. How to list all records containing the name “test” AND the phone number ’1234567890′.???

        SELECT * FROM [Table_name] WHERE [Field_Name] = “test” AND [Field_Name] = ’1234567890′;

12. How to list all records not containing the name “test” AND the phone number ’1234567890′ order by the Field_Name phone_number ???

       SELECT * FROM [Table_Name] WHERE name != “test” AND phone_number = ’1234567890′ order by phone_number;

13. How to list all records starting with the letters ‘verman’ AND the phone number ’26235208′ ???

     SELECT * FROM [Table_Name] WHERE name like “test%” AND phone_number =      ’1234567890′;

What is SVN and how to use svn

SVN stands for Subversion , it allow developers to simultaneously work on a centralised project.

svn checkout

To check out means that you copy all the documents that your projects are working on to your computer.

The first commands
Go to home directory  and write cd  and give the following command:

svn co <user name>

where you have replaced <your_username> with the username you have aquired from the admin. This will enable you to check in your work. If you don't have a user name or just want to browse our code, just skip the username

Update your working copy

svn up

Scedule a file for addition

svn add filename ex(test.pl)

Schedule a file for deletion

svn delete filename

You may also copy and move files and directories with these two commands, but read about them in the svn 

svn copy filename ex(last.pl)
svn move filename ex(last1.pl)

Examine your changes

svn status

Examine the file history

svn log FILE

 

Change the commit message for a specific revision

svn propedit svn:log --revprop -r REV FILE
This will bring up the existing log text for the specified revision in your deta.This is useful if you accidentally committed some changes with an empty or uninformative log message.

Compare your modified file to the version in the repository

svn diff FILE

 

Compare some earlier versions, say here versions 100 and95

svn diff -r 100:95 FILE

 

Undo your local changes (ie revert to the repository status)

svn revert FILE

 

Resolve Conflicts  and Others' Changes

svn update
svn resolved

Commit your changes

svn ci -m "Your description of the changes here." FILE

 
  the above changes, add, delete, copy, move, must all be committed by ci in order to take effect

How to Set Up a Password-less SSH Login

First, on the local machine you will want to generate a secure SSH key:
ssh-keygen

Walk through the key generator and set a password, the key file by default goes into ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Next, you need to copy the generated key to the remote server you want to setup passwordless logins with, this is easily done with the following command string but you can use scp if you’d prefer:
cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub | ssh user@remotehost 'cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys'

This command takes the generated SSH key from the local machine, connects to the remote host via SSH, and then uses cat to append the key file to the remote users authorized key list. Because this connects with SSH to the remote machine you will need to enter the password to use this command.
Finally, confirm that you can now login to the remote SSH server without a password:
ssh user@remotehost.com

Assuming initial setup went as intended, you will connect to the remote machine without having to log in.

Basic UNIX Commands

• cat --- for creating and displaying short files
• chmod --- change permissions
• cd --- change directory
• cp --- for copying files
• date --- display date
• echo --- echo argument
• ftp --- connect to a remote machine to download or upload files
• grep --- search file
• head --- display first part of file
• ls --- see what files you have
• lpr --- standard print command (see also print )
• more --- use to read files
• mkdir --- create directory
• mv --- for moving and renaming files
• print --- custom print command (see also lpr )
• pwd --- find out what directory you are in
• rm --- remove a file
• rmdir --- remove directory> %
• rsh --- remote shell
• setenv --- set an environment variable
• sort --- sort file
• tail --- display last part of file
• tar --- create an archive, add or extract files 
• telnet --- log in to another machine

cat

This is one of the most flexible Unix commands. We can use to create, view and concatenate files. For our first example we create a three-item English-Spanish dictionary in a file called "dict."

% cat >dict

 test1

 test2

 test3

<control-D>

   %

chmod

This command is used to change the permissions of a file or directory. For example to make a file new_file.pl readable by everyone, we do this:

   % chmod a+r new_file.pl

To make a file, e.g., a shell script mycommand executable, we do this

   % chmod +x mycommand

Now we can run mycommand as a command.

To check the permissions of a file, use ls -l . For more information on chmod, use man chmod.

cd

Use cd to change directory. Use pwd to see what directory you are in.

   % cd english

   % pwd

   % /test_file/test

   % ls

scrapbook

   % cd

cp

Use cp to copy files or directories.

   % cp test_file test_file.bk

This makes a copy of the file test_file.

   % cp ~/new_file/new_file.bk

This copies the file jabber in the directory poems to the current directory. The symbol "." stands for the current directory. The symbol "~" stands for the home directory.

date

Use this command to check the date and time.

   % date

Fri Nov  6 08:52:42 MST 2012

echo

The echo command echoes its arguments. Here are some examples:

grep

Use this command to search for information in a file or files. For example, suppose that we have a file dict whose contents are

redtest1
white test1

head

Use this command to look at the head of a file. For example,

   % head test.pl

displays the first 10 lines of the file essay.001 To see a specific number of lines, do this:

   % head -n 20 test.pl

This displays the first 20 lines of the file.

ls

Use ls to see what files you have. Your files are kept in something called a directory.

   % ls

     test      letter2

     test1    letter3

     test3   maple-assignment1

  

lpr

This is the standard Unix command for printing a file. It stands for the ancient "line printer." See

   % man lpr

for information on how it works. See print for information on our local intelligent print command.

mkdir

Use this command to create a directory.

   % mkdir test

mv

Use this command to change the name of file and directories.

   % mv foo foobar

The file that was named foo is now named foobar

print

This is a moderately intelligent print command.

   % print foo

   % print notes.ps

   % print manuscript.dvi

pwd

Use this command to find out what directory you are working in.

   % pwd

rm

Use rm to remove files from your directory.

   % rm test.pl

     remove test.pl? y

   % rm letter*

     remove letter1? y

     remove letter2? y

 rmdir

Use this command to remove a directory. For example, to remove a directory called "essays", do this:

   % rmdir essays

A directory must be empty before it can be removed. To empty a directory, use rm.

rsh

Use this command if you want to work on a computer different from the one you are currently working on. One reason to do this is that the remote machine might be faster. For example, the command

% rsh solitude

connects you to the machine solitude. This is one of our public workstations and is fairly fast.

sort

Use this commmand to sort a file. For example, suppose we have a file dict with contents

red test
white test1

tail

Use this command to look at the tail of a file. For example,

   % tail new_test.pl

displays the last 10 lines of the file new_test.pl To see a specific number of lines, do this:

   % tail -n 20 new_test.pl

This displays the last 20 lines of the file.

tar

Use create compressed archives of directories and files, and also to extract directories and files from an archive. Example:

   % tar -tvzf test.tar.gz

displays the file names in the compressed archive foo.tar.gz while

   % tar -xvzf test.tar.gz

extracts the files.

telnet

Use this command to log in to another machine from the machine you are currently working on. For example, to log in to the machine "solitude", do this:

   % telnet solitude

See also: rsh.

wc

Use this command to count the number of characters, words, and lines in a file. Suppose, for example, that we have a file dict with contents

test file

test1 file1

Then we can do this

   % wc dict

     5      10      56 tmp

This shows that dict has 2 lines, 4 words, and 18 characters.

 

What is Alpha and Beta Testing

User Acceptance Testing

Both testers and developers are involved
After completion of system testing, the project management concentrates on UAT to collect feed back from real customer or model customer.
There are 2 ways to conduct UAT.
Alpha Testing
Beta Testing


Alpha Testing

1.Performed by end users inside the development organization.
2.Done in controlled environment
3.Defects found by end users are noted down by the development team and fixed before release
4.Developers are present

Beta Testing

1.Performed by end users outside the development organization and inside the end user organization.
2.Environment is not under control
3.Defects found by end users are reported to the development organization
4.Developers are not present

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